How to define international logistics?
To get the goods out, you need to understand the definition of pickling and heavy goods, you need to know what is the actual weight, volume weight, and billing weight.
I. actual weight
Actual Weight is the weight gained by weighing (weighing), including Gross Weight (G.W.) and Net Weight (N.W.). The most common is the actual gross weight.
In air cargo transportation, the actual gross weight is often compared with the calculated volume weight, which is the largest on which to calculate and collect freight.
Two. Volume weight
Volumetric Weight or Dimensions Weight is the weight calculated from the volume of the goods according to a certain conversion coefficient or formula.
In air cargo transportation, the conversion coefficient for calculating volume and weight is generally 1:167, that is, a cubic meter is about 167 kilograms.
For example, the gross weight of an air freight is 95 kg and the volume is 1.2 cubic meters. According to the coefficient of 1:167, the gross weight of the air freight is 1.2 * 167 = 200.4 kg, which is greater than the gross weight of 95 kg. Therefore, the goods are bubble cargo (also called throw-out, light cargo, English name is Light Weight Cargo or Light Cargo / Goods). Or Low Density Cargo or Measurement Cargo, where airlines charge by volume, not gross. Please note that air freight is generally known as "bulk cargo". Shipping is generally called light goods and is called different.
Another example: a ticket for air cargo actual gross weight of 560 kg, volume of 1.5 CBM, according to the coefficient of 1:167 air transport, the volume weight of the goods is 1.5 * 167 = 250.5 kg, less than the actual gross weight of 560 kg, so the goods for heavy cargo (English name Dead Weight Cargo or Heavy Cargo / Goods or High Density Cargo), shipping. The empty company will charge the actual gross weight instead of the weight.
In short, according to a certain conversion coefficient, calculate the volume weight, and then compare the volume weight with the actual weight, which is larger charge according to that.
Three. Billing weight
Chargeable Weight, or C.W., is the weight on which freight or other incidental charges are calculated.
The billing weight is either the actual gross weight or the volume weight. The billing weight is the actual weight VS volume weight. The larger one is the weight of the transportation cost.
Four. Calculation method
The calculation method of express and air freight:
Regular items:
The length (CM) x width (CM) x (CM) 6000= 6000= volume weight (KG) is 1CBM 1CBM 166.66667KG.
Irregular items:
The longest (cm)*widest (cm)*highest (cm)6000 = volume weight (KG), that is, 1 CBM_166.667 KG.
This is an internationally accepted algorithm.
In short, a cubic meter weighing more than 166.67 kg is called heavy goods, less than 166.67 kg is called bubble goods.
Heavy goods are charged according to the actual gross weight, and the goods are charged according to the volume and weight.
Matters needing attention:
1, CBM is the abbreviation of Cubic Meter, meaning cubic meter.
2. Volume and weight are also calculated according to length (cm)*width (cm)*height (cm)5000, which is not common. Generally only express delivery companies use this algorithm.
3. Actually, the division of heavy goods and bubble goods in air cargo transportation is much more complicated, such as 1:300, 1:400, 1:500, 1:800, 1:1000 according to density. The ratio is different, the price is different.
For example, 1:300's 25 yuan / kilogram, 1:500's 24 yuan / kilogram. The so-called 1:300 is 1 cubic meters equivalent to 300 kilograms, 1:400 is 1 cubic meters equivalent to 400 kilograms, and so on.
4. In order to make full use of the space and load of the aircraft, heavy cargo and bubble cargo are usually properly matched. Air cargo handling is a technical activity-well matched, can make full use of the limited space resources of the aircraft, do a good job and even greatly increase the additional profits. Too much heavy cargo wastes space (it's overweight before it's full), too much pickling wastes load (it's full before it reaches its maximum weight).
The calculation method of shipping:
1. The division of heavy goods and light goods by sea is much simpler than by air. China's ocean LCL business basically distinguishes heavy goods and light goods according to the standard of 1 cubic meter equal to 1 ton. Heavy cargo is rarely seen in sea-borne LCL, basically light cargo, and sea-borne LCL is calculated according to the volume of freight, and air transport according to the weight of the fundamental difference between freight, so much simpler. Many people have done a lot of ocean freight, but they have never heard of light goods or heavy goods, because they are basically useless.
2. According to the stowage of the ship, the cargo whose stowage factor is less than the capacity coefficient of the ship is called Dead Weight Cargo/Heavy Goods, and the cargo whose stowage factor is greater than the capacity coefficient of the ship is called Measurement Cargo/Light Goods.
3. According to the calculation of freight angle and international shipping practice, goods with stowage factor less than 1.1328 cubic meters/tons or 40 cubic feet/tons are called heavy goods; goods with stowage factor greater than 1.1328 cubic meters/tons or 40 cubic feet/tons are called light goods/bubble goods.
4, the concept of heavy cargo and light goods is closely related to stowage, transportation, storage and billing. The carrier or freight forwarding company distinguishes heavy goods, light goods / cargo goods according to certain standards.
Tips
Shipping LCL is 1000KGS/1CBM based on water density. The weight of the cargo in tonnage to cubic, more than 1 is heavy cargo, less than 1 is bubble cargo, but now many voyages limit weight, so the proportion is adjusted to about 1 ton / 1.5 CBM.
Air freight, 1000 to 6, equivalent to 1CBM = 166.6KGS, 1CBM more than 166.6 is heavy goods, on the contrary is bubble goods.
This article deals with heavy cargo, light cargo / bulk cargo and flat cargo.
